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Sidney Aaron "Paddy" Chayefsky (January 29, 1923 – August 1, 1981) was an American playwright, screenwriter and novelist. He is the only person to have won three solo Academy Awards for Best Screenplay (the other three-time winners, Woody Allen, Francis Ford Coppola, Charles Brackett and Billy Wilder, have all shared their awards with co-writers).〔(IMDB )〕 He was considered one of the most renowned dramatists of the so-called Golden Age of Television. His intimate, realistic scripts provided a naturalistic style of television drama for the 1950s, and he was regarded as the central figure in the "kitchen sink realism" movement of American television.〔Rutherford, Paul.(''When Television Was Young'' ). University of Toronto Press, 1990.〕 Martin Gottfried wrote in ''All His Jazz'' that Chayefsky "was a successful writer, the most successful graduate of television's slice of life school of naturalism."〔(Quote re Chayefsky ), google.com; accessed June 29, 2015.〕 Following his critically acclaimed teleplays, Chayefsky continued to succeed as a playwright and novelist. As a screenwriter, he received three Academy Awards for ''Marty'' (1955), ''The Hospital'' (1971) and ''Network'' (1976). The movie ''Marty'' was based on his own television drama about a relationship between two lonely people finding love. ''Network'' was his scathing satire of the television industry and ''The Hospital'' was also satiric. Film historian David Thomson termed ''The Hospital'' "daring, uninhibited, and prophetic. No one else would have dreamed of doing it."〔Thomson, David. ''The New Biographical Dictionary of Film'', Alfred A. Knopf (2002), p. 155〕 Chayefsky's early stories were frequently influenced by the author's childhood in The Bronx. Chayefsky was part of the inaugural class of inductees into the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences' Television Hall of Fame. He received this honor three years after his death, in 1984. ==Early life== He was born in The Bronx, New York to Ukrainian〔Brady, John. ''The Craft of the Screenwriter''. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1981.〕 Jewish parents, Harry and Gussie Stuchevsky Chayefsky. He attended DeWitt Clinton High School,〔via ''The New York Times'', ("'Marty' And 'Network' Author Dies" ), ''Star-Banner'', August 2, 1981; accessed September 14, 2009; "He was born in the Bronx in 1923 and attended DeWitt Clinton High School and graduated in 1939"〕 and then the City College of New York. While there, he played for the semi-professional football team Kingsbridge Trojans. He graduated with a degree in accounting in 1943, and then studied languages at Fordham University. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Paddy Chayefsky」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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